


Nova Scotia comprises the peninsula of Nova Scotia, connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus, and Cape Breton Island in the northern part of the province, linked by the world's deepest causeway. The Atlantic batters the eastern shore and the Bay of Fundy separates the southern part of the peninsula from the mainland, with the Gulf of St Lawrence to the north. The northeast is rural and rocky, while the south and southwest are lush and fertile. Much of the province is covered by rivers, as well as peaks that rise to 1,770 feet on the northeast islands.
Its climate moderated by the surrounding Atlantic Ocean, Nova Scotia benefits from a gentle mix of cool northern currents and warm southern breezes, the latter generated by the Gulf Stream. As a result, the province is spared the thermal extremes typical of summers and winters in Central Canada. In fact, average daily temperatures near Nova Scotia's capital city of Halifax range between 72°F in July to 31°F in January and February, ensuring frost-free seasons of between 120 days in the northern province and 145 days in the Annapolis Valley.